True Hyperproteinaemia

cells in the body (such as immune cells or plasma cells) are actively producing an excess amount of specific proteins.

​Hypergammaglobulinaemia:

• ​What it means: An elevated level of gamma globulins (which are antibodies) in the blood.

• ​Why it happens: This is usually a sign of a chronic, ongoing immune response. When your body fights a long-term infection, chronic inflammation, or an autoimmune disease, your B-cells and plasma cells pump out massive waves of antibodies, driving up protein levels. (antibodies are large glycoproteins known as immunoglobulins which are the gamma globulins)

​Paraproteinaemia:

• ​What it means: The presence of a paraprotein (also called a monoclonal protein or M-protein).

• ​Why it happens: Unlike hypergammaglobulinaemia (where many different antibodies are made), this occurs when a single clone of plasma cells multiplies abnormally and produces a massive amount of one identical, abnormal protein. This is a classic hallmark of conditions like multiple myeloma.